Words like Is, Am, Are, Was, Were, Have, Has, Do, Does.
These change according to the subject and tense.
| Base Verb | Forms (Present/Past) | Usage Example |
|---|---|---|
| Be | Is, Am, Are, Was, Were | He is playing. (Continuous Tense) |
| Do | Do, Does, Did | Do you know him? (Questions/Negative) |
| Have | Has, Have, Had | I have eaten. (Perfect Tense) |
These express Ability, Permission, or Duty. They never change form (no 's' or 'ed').
| Modal | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Can | Ability (सकता है) | I can swim. |
| Should | Advice (चाहिए) | You should study. |
| Must | Compulsion (जरूर) | You must go. |
| May | Possibility (शायद) | It may rain. |